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Begin Chemotherapy and/or Radiation

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Next Topic: Chemo Side Effects

Patients usually receive chemotherapy and/or radiation before the transplant, which prepares the body to receive new cells.

There are a few different types of regimens, and your care team will decide which one is best for you.

Different types of regimens:

  • Myeloablative (high intensity) – uses strong doses of chemotherapy to remove of all bone marrow cells

  • Reduced-intensity (RIC) – uses lower doses that are less toxic, often for older or medically fragile patients

  • Non-myeloablative – minimal intensity, relying more on the donor’s immune system to provide a new immune system.

What Is Chemotherapy?

It is given before the stem cells to prepare the bone marrow for the new cells.

Why It Matters:

  • Eliminate diseased/cancer cells

  • Eliminates immune system cells

  • It makes room for new stem cells to grow

  • It reduces the risk of transplant rejection

Tips for Chemo Prep

  • Ask your team what side effects to expect and how to manage them (next step has more info)

  • Stay hydrated and eat what you can—nutritional support is available

  • Bring comfort items for long infusion days (books, music, snacks)

  • Use a calendar or app to track medications and appointments

Questions to Ask Your Care Team

  • What type of preparative regimen will I receive?

  • How does it compare to what other patients receive?

  • What are the short- and long-term side effects?

  • What should I expect during chemotherapy or radiation?

  • How can I prepare emotionally and physically?

  • What support is available for my caregiver?

Infection Prevention

  • Wash hands frequently and avoid crowds

  • Wear a mask if recommended by your team

  • Keep your central line clean and follow care instructions

  • Report any fever, chills, or signs of infection immediately

Next Topic: Chemo Side Effects

Disclaimer: This Journey Map is for educational purposes only. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Every patient’s situation is unique, and care decisions should always be made in consultation with your clinical team.

We extend our appreciation to Sanofi and Alexion for their generous partnership and active participation in our community. Their support helped bring patients, caregivers, clinicians, and industry partners together to co-create this Journey Map and improve the transplant experience.

Our Journey Map was created for Patients and Caregivers by Patients and Caregivers. Please share any corrections or additions!